Flame weeding in horticulture

By Penny, 14 May, 2025
Description
Flame weeding produces a thermal shock causing plant cells to burst due to rapid heating. Contrary to common assumptions, flame weeding does not burn the weeds; instead, the heat causes the water within the plant tissues to vaporise, and cells collapse. This inhibits the plant's ability to transport nutrients to the roots, ultimately causing the plant to die.
Country
IWM Pillar
IWM Tactic
Explanation
Flame weeding offers a sustainable alternative to chemical herbicides and is suitable for both small and large-scale horticultural production systems. In organic farming systems it is more efficient than hand weeding.
Advantages
• Can reduce the need for manual labour, particularly for hand weeding.
• Requires a skilled operator, potentially supporting specialised employment.
• Relies on specialist equipment designed for thermal weed control.
• Pesticide-free method, contributing to reduced chemical inputs and more sustainable weed management.
Drawbacks
• Slower than conventional herbicide application.
• High fuel consumption.
• Can be expensive due to propane or gas requirements.
• Generally slower operation.
• May not be suitable for large-scale areas without significant time investment.
• Fire risk must be managed, especially in dry conditions.
• High fuel use contributes to greenhouse gas emissions.
• Potential negative impact on ground-dwelling invertebrates and soil fauna.
Technical Aspects

Technical readiness
Thermal weeding equipment is available for purchase in the UK, ranging from hand-held units suitable for small-scale operations to larger tractor-mounted systems for commercial use.

Ease and efficiency of implementation
The method requires a skilled or trained operator and is highly weather-dependent. Windy conditions increase the risk of fire, limiting the windows for safe application.

Need for training and education
Training is necessary to ensure safe and effective use, especially regarding timing, technique, and fire prevention. Broader education on best practices can further improve uptake and success.

Need for investments
Equipment costs are generally moderate, though fuel requirements can add to operational costs. This method is particularly favoured by organic farms seeking non-chemical alternatives.

Policy Recommendations
No additional policy recommendations are currently required, as thermal weeding is already an established available weed control method.
CBA Availability
false
Social Analysis Color
green
Environmental Analysis Color
green