Year
2021
IWM Tactic
DOI
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147695
URL
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107688040&doi=10.1016%2fj.scitotenv.2021.147695&partnerID=40&md5=4a8af23101e5690ded96f03cef1f1db9
Country
Crop
Description of Tested Tactic
multi-performance comparison between a Conventional Maize Monoculture (MMConv) and four CS that aimed to reduce irrigation and herbicide leaching: MMLI, a low-input MM using cover crop and Integrated Weed Management (IWM) techniques; MMStill, a Strip-tillage MM using cover crop; MMCT, a Conservation Tillage MM with cover crop; Maize-MSW, an IWM Maize rotated with Soybean and Wheat and ii) determine the main drivers and evaluate the influence of CS on herbicide leaching in maize.
Description of Reference System
In southwestern France, conventional maize management consists of (i) two-year rotations or monocultures on 75% of farmland (Renoux, 2016); (ii) a 180 mm ha−1 year−1 mean irrigation dose applied on average on 80% of the maize acreage (CRAO, 2016); (iii) mouldboard ploughing. (iv) A high mineral nitrogen fertilization is applied (mean value of 184 kg N ha−1 – Mas and Dinaucourt, 2019) and results in high CO2 emissions (Giuliano et al., 2016) and risks of nitrate contamination of aquifers, especially because of frequent bare soil during fallow periods (Agreste, 2014). Finally, (v) conventional maize management is characterized by a relatively low (2.6) pesticide treatment frequency index (Agreste, 2019) mainly composed of herbicides causing diffuse pollution in water by leaching or runoff to aquifers (AEAG, 2018; Steele et al., 2008).
Reference System Type
HERBICIDE-BASED
IWM Pillar
Availability